Brutal Treatment of Women Suffragists at Occoquan

An email has been circulating that tells of the brutal treatment in 1917 at Occoquan, Virginia, prison, of women who had picketed the White House as part of the campaign to win the vote for women. The point of the email: it took a lot of sacrifice to win the vote for women, and so women today should honor their sacrifice by taking our right to vote seriously, and actually getting to the polls. The author of the article in the email, though the emails usually omit the credit, is Connie Schultz of The Plain Dealer, Cleveland. Alice Paul led the more radical wing of those who were working for womens suffrage in 1917. Paul had taken part in more militant suffrage activity in England, including hunger strikes that were met with imprisonment and brutal force-feeding methods. She believed that by bringing such militant tactics to America, the publics sympathy would be turned towards those who protested for woman suffrage, and the vote for women would be won, finally, after seven decades of activism. And so, Alice Paul, Lucy Burns, and others separated in America from the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA), headed by Carrie Chapman Catt, and formed the Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage (CU) which in 1917 transformed itself into the National Womans Party (NWP). While many of the activists in the NAWSA turned during World War I either to pacifism or to support Americas war effort, the National Womans Party continued to focus on winning the vote for women. During wartime, they planned and carried out a campaign to picket the White House in Washington, DC. The reaction was, as in Britain, strong and swift: the arrest of the picketers and their imprisonment. Some were transferred to an abandoned workhouse located at Occoquan, Virginia. There, the women staged hunger strikes, and, as in Britain, were force-fed brutally and otherwise treated violently. Ive referred to this part of woman suffrage history in other articles, notably when describing the history of the suffragist split over strategy in the last decade of activism before the vote was finally won. Feminist Sonia Pressman Fuentes documents this history in her article on Alice Paul. She includes this re-telling of the story of Occoquan Workhouses Night of Terror, November 15, 1917: Under orders from W. H. Whittaker, superintendent of the Occoquan Workhouse, as many as forty guards with clubs went on a rampage, brutalizing thirty-three jailed suffragists. They beat Lucy Burns, chained her hands to the cell bars above her head, and left her there for the night. They hurled Dora Lewis into a dark cell, smashed her head against an iron bed, and knocked her out cold. Her cellmate Alice Cosu, who believed Mrs. Lewis to be dead, suffered a heart attack. According to affidavits, other women were grabbed, dragged, beaten, choked, slammed, pinched, twisted, and kicked.(source: Barbara Leaming, Katherine Hepburn (New York: Crown Publishers, 1995), 182.) Related Resources An image of Emmeline Pankhurst, who led the militant British woman suffragists, including hunger strike tactics, which inspired Alice Paul  and the National Womans PartyA firsthand account of this is in Doris Stevens Jailed for Freedom (New York: Liveright Publishing, 1920. (Gutenberg text)The movie Iron Jawed Angels focuses on this period of the woman suffrage movement.Sewall-Belmont House, home of the National Womans Party, is now a museum that includes many archives of these events.The Library of Congress presents some photos of women suffrage prisoners: Suffrage Prisoners

Choosing 5th Grade Essay Samples with Green, Yellow and Red

Choosing 5th Grade Essay Samples with Green, Yellow and Red What You Should Do to Find Out About 5th Grade Essay Samples with Green, Yellow and Red Before You're Left Behind Numerous pages, printed on only a single side, should be taken out of the book and used for activities. One of the main features of LLATL is literaturein the sort of both short excerpts and total novelsused as a springboard into other regions of language arts. The great thing about this writers-workshop anchor chart, which might be utilized with any elementary grade, is that if you get to number 10, you're prepared to go back to number one. CBD is growing widely recognized and the amount of men and women using CBD supplements because of their wellness and well-being benefits is becoming significantly greater. Choosing Good 5th Grade Essay Samples with Green, Yellow and Red The yellow block is the initial body paragraph. Be certain to highlight the advantages of the food that you bring! This makes it si mple to differentiate. If you've visited the school, reference your visit to demonstrate that you've made an attempt to learn more in regards to the school. Starting now, taking notes are going to be a mainstay of your youngster's education. You've got an idea to increase your school. When you have test taking strategies that help your students to be successful, please don't hesitate to share them below. It's also a rather efficient approach to cover the wide swath of language arts skills. You are unable to listen to music that doesn't harken back to your very own social experience. When students are learning how to write, there are numerous facets of the procedure that may present difficulty. Teaching writing though, isn't always simply. Following this, you're ready to begin the very first YELLOW. You already understand what color you prefer or what your favourite color is. At first, the green color has been connected with spring and nature renewal. Meaning of green color in various cultures. The Benefits of 5th Grade Essay Samples with Green, Yellow and Red Dyari goes across the yard and receives the infant's bottle. Imagine that you live either 100 years previously or 100 years later on. For the exact same reason, race tracks don't have a good deal of green automobiles. Write about your day in the life span of that individual. Discuss why those paragraphs appear to g et the job done. The introduction is colored red because it ought to find the reader's interest. Essay plans instantly provide an essay structure, they stop you from forgetting to incorporate any essential points, and they block you from losing your way as you write. An essay plan doesn't have to be a huge thing. The Basics of 5th Grade Essay Samples with Green, Yellow and Red Finding a hold of previous exams and using them to practise is a remarkable idea. And that's what we're likely to do within this self assessment example. If students do very well on the pre-assessment, it's important to stress there are many different words that they'll still learn, and they will have the chance to become experts on the words they already know. Their normal test scores and subscores determine the maximum score in the red selection. Almost anyone can find the proper type of entertainment for themselves. Today internet has brought a world in one room. Through the assistance of the Wor ld Wide Web and websites, the web has come to be very helpful in a variety of ways for the typical man. Since it has become popular, it's being used for many purposes. The ideal thing to do is to purchase from companies who include each one of these information on their site and on the labels of their goods. Currently a day's almost anything can be bought by means of the world wide web. You can easily locate them on the market if you're one of those who would like to be sure that there is not any THC in their system. The fourth alternative is the sole option that adheres to the properties mentioned previously.

Fundamental Causes, Inequity and Public Health Free Essays

Social injustice particularly that of [public] health, has been a constant pariah to the common society. Various ‘theories’ were posited as to the root cause of public health inequity; Phelan and Link (2005) directly associated the ‘fundamental’ causes of public health inequity with the ‘socioeconomic statuses (SES)’, the ‘social conditions’, the ‘gradients’ that existed therein. The fundamental cause lies on the material/ resources imbalance as the authors Phelan and Link (2005), Farmer (1999), and Lynch et al (2000) demonstrated. We will write a custom essay sample on Fundamental Causes, Inequity and Public Health or any similar topic only for you Order Now The fundamental causes of morbidity and mortality consist of: (1) influences to multiple disease outcomes, (2) operation through multiple risk factors, (3) intervening mechanism reproduce the association, and (4) finally, the most important feature of ‘fundamental causes’, it involves accession to resources that can be used to avoid risks or minimize the consequences of the disease involved. Health accession is shaped by extent of socio-economic resources (Phelan and Link, 2005). Here it is noted that the cognitive ability or intelligence cannot explain the relation between resource and health. SES, is, admittedly a ‘constant’ and persistent state of the general society (Phelan and Link, 2005). Not even the introduction of knowledge or the epidemiology of the disease was able to completely eradicate the health maladies present; instead, it seems to encourage health inequity. The US, a supra-economic world engine, has a systematic health care delivery system yet a relatively large proportion of their population—American Indians, Blacks and Hispanic and Asian immigrants—do not enjoy the benefits of the health care system as much as their rich counter parts. Localization of public health inequity is fed by the health biased terms like ‘Third World’, ‘Blacks’, ‘the poor’, and other terms that denote social stigma and racism . The aggravation of health inequity is destined to worsen with the current trend on ‘commodifying’ medicine and health and their ‘money-making’ participation in the market industry. Health inequity, as a result of multi-faceted elements of the society, is, as much as a disease as the feared bacillus ‘tubercle’, the causal agent of tuberculosis; Farmer (1999) illustrated the consumption of the disease agent ‘consuming the lives of the lower strata that existed in the late twentieth century. Farmer illustrates the case of societal ‘infection’ with different experiences of three stereotype tubercle patients—Jean Dubussoin (Haitian rural peasant), Corina Valdivia (Latin American with a multi-resistant drug strain of bacillus tubercle) and Calvin Loach (Afro-American and injection drug user). It was ‘social factors’ that determined the fate of these three-infected persons. Their struggle against their disease demonstrates the common obstacles they faced during health accession. Jean’s very low income and the long distance from the hospital dilapidated her chance at having a good accession to medical services offered. Corina’s case was exactly the same except that it demonstrated that of improper treatment of her disease and medical wariness. Calvin’s case was psychosocial wherein there was suggested wariness between him and the medical practitioner due to ‘[racial] wariness’ and late detection. Health inequity of tubercle bacillary patients does not stem from medical mismanagement, from physician-directed errors, as the three ‘stereotypes demonstrate, but more on the conglomeration of factors like race, income, economic policies, ease of health accession and fear of being apprehended or ignored by the medical staffs (Farmer, 1999). According to Lynch et al (2000), health inequity may also be associated with neomaterial interpretation —differential accumulation of exposures and experiences that have their sources in the material world—and differences in individual income. Health inequity, then, in general, is highly dependent on the resources of the individual. This is in opposition of the psychosocial theory which precludes that inequity is, more or less, a result of hierarchy stress or the combination of maladaptive behaviours as a reaction to the SES. The association between the standard of living and health cannot be easily dismantled, yet, on the face of such social health injustice, what actions are available for the State to remedy this particular problem? Lynch et al’s (2000) on solubilizing the problem was vague and inconclusive: .. trategic investments in neo-material conditions via more equitable distribution of public and private resources that are likely to have the most impact on reducing health inequalities and improving public health in both rich and poor countries in the 21st century†¦ (p. 1203) Farmer’s (1999) ultimate solution is pragmatic solidarity. The term was rather vague and inconclusive with no proper defin itum; Pragmatic solidarity was loosely defined as something that would mean ‘increased funding for control and treatment [of diseases]’, ‘making therapy available in a systematic way’ and preventing ‘emergence [of diseases]. Farmer’s primary intent is to target the health anathema at the specific level. On the other hand, Link and Phelan’s approach was different. Link and Phelan (2005) posited a barrage of solutions which capitalizes on policy consideration as macro-level approach to the problem— creating intervention that benefit state members irregardless of their own resources and actions, monitoring the dissemination of health enhancing information and interventions and creating policies that would distribute resources to the poor. A good solution to the problem would be targeting health inequity using combinatorial methods on the macro and micro-level approach. Interventions created at the larger scale such as policy consideration is a good approach and finding out the etiology of various diseases obviously have positive outcomes for ‘curing’. Such interventions are necessary to preserve not only the health of the general public but also to maintain a relatively pure, socially just and a healthy environment. How to cite Fundamental Causes, Inequity and Public Health, Papers